![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The typical SF protagonist is not a revolutionary but a rebel, one who rises in the world from a powerless position and individualistically and voluntaristically changes society by means of newly gained personal power-seldom is the change collective, class-based and revolutionary. In this vision, capitalist society and science is criticized for its dehumanization, alienation, and often physical destruction of people and for its misuse of science and technology but just as there is a critique and even wish for escape so there is all too often a desire simply to reform and control rather than to negate and transform. Tom Moylan Ideological Contradiction in Clarke's The City and the Starsįrom the works of Wells on, science fiction has been primarily a petit-bourgeois literature: written and read not by the elite who control technological capitalist society but by the merchants, farmers, teachers, technicians and their children who are not part of the ruling class but who seek reforms, usually characterized by populist ideology, that would bring them into positions of power and end their own alienation and oppression. ![]()
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